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Workshop on Very Light Dark Matter 2021

Sep 27 – 29, 2021
Online
Asia/Tokyo timezone

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8. ABRACADABRA-10cm: First Search for < 1micro-eV Axions
Lindley Winslow
9/27/21, 10:10 AM
Invited
Monday AM

The axion is an intriguing dark matter candidate that has returned too prominence due to advances in quantum sensors and cryogenic infrastructure. The < 1micro-eV mass range for axions is particularly intriguing due its connection to the GUT-scale. In this talk, I will introduce axion physics in this mass range and present the latest results from ABRACADABRA-10cm’s second physics run.
9. Axion-like particle dark matter and gravitational waves from topological defects
Edoardo Vitagliano
9/27/21, 10:50 AM

Axion-like particles (ALPs) are a compelling candidate for dark matter (DM). Their production is associated with the formation of a string-wall network. This system must annihilate, producing gravitational waves and non-relativistic ALPs. In my talk I will show that these gravitational waves, if produced at temperatures below 100 eV, could be detected by future cosmological probes for ALPs...
10. Dynamical friction from scalar dark matter
Thomas Helfer
9/27/21, 11:25 AM

Light bosonic scalars (e.g. axions) may form clouds around black holes via superradiant instabilities, or via accretion if they form some component of the dark matter. It has been suggested that their presence may lead to a distinctive dephasing of the gravitational wave signal when a small compact object spirals into a larger black hole. Motivated by this, we study numerically the dynamical...
11. Hunting Axions Using Astrophysical Observation and Quantum Metrology
Yifan Chen
9/27/21, 11:50 AM

Ultralight bosons behave like coherent waves when the occupation number is large enough. If they are coupled to the Standard Model sector of the particle physics, such an oscillating background can induce a tiny signal. Near a fast rotating black hole, axion within one order of the mass window can accumulate through superradiance, with a large density saturating the non-linear...
42. Axion dark matter search with gravitational wave detectors: ADAM-GD
Koji Nagano
9/27/21, 12:15 PM

Axion is a promising candidate for ultralight dark matter which may cause a polarization rotation of laser light. Recently, a new scheme of probing the axion dark matter by optical linear cavities used in the arms of gravitational wave detectors has been proposed. This scheme is called ADAM-GD. If this scheme is applied, the sensitivity to the axion-photon coupling of the ground-based...
12. Squeezed quantum states of axions
Sugumi Kanno
9/27/21, 2:00 PM
Invited
Monday PM

In this talk, I will discuss the production of axions from the vacuum caused by the expansion of the Universe. I will show the axions evolve as a squeezed state during inflation and become a highly entangled state. Such a quantum squeezed state of axions remains after horizon re-entry. I also discuss the observability of the quantum coherence of axions.
13. The DAMNED Experiment : Dark matter Scalar field search with Optical Cavity and an Unequal-Delay Interferometer
Etienne Savalle
9/27/21, 2:40 PM

The DAMNED experiment is a new type of experiment that compares the frequency of a clock to itself in the past, by "storing" photons in a fibre delay line.

In ultra-light oscillating dark matter (DM) models, the coupling of DM to the standard model fields yields an oscillation of fundamental constants, which in turn leads to oscillations of the cavity and fibre lengths and of the fibre...
14. Search for ultra-light dark matter with the Shuket experiment
Pierre Brun
9/27/21, 3:05 PM

P. Brun, L. Chevalier, C. Flouzat, A. Hees, P. Polovodov, E. Savalle, P. Wolf
The Shuket experiment aims at detecting light scalar dark matter in the form of hidden photons. Shuket stands for SearcH for U(1) darK matter with an Electromagnetic Telescope, it is designed as a metallic spherical cap with a radiometer at its center. We present the results of a re-analysis of a dataset presented...
15. Exploring Dark Matter ALPs and FIPs
Joerg Jaeckel
9/27/21, 3:40 PM
Invited
Monday PM

In this talk we will look at axion-like particles, and other very feebly interacting (light) dark matter candidates. In particular we will look at some more unusual features and models.
16. Searching for axion-like particles under strong gravitational lenses
Yuko Urakawa
9/27/21, 4:20 PM
Invited
Monday PM

We establish strong gravitational lens systems as robust probes of axion-like particles (ALPs) -- a candidate for dark matter. A tiny interaction of photons with ALPs induces birefringence. Multiple images of gravitationally lensed polarised objects allow differential birefringence measurement, alleviating systematics and astrophysical dependencies. We apply this novel method to the lens...
17. Searching Dark Matter with Galileo satellites
Alexandra Sheremet
9/27/21, 5:00 PM

The search of transient space variation of fundamental constant, like the fine structure constant or the proton-to-photon mass ratio in the neighborhood of the Earth, is the interest of last decades. In this context, atomic clocks can present an astonishing tool for study fundamental physics in terms of detection of a possible frequency shift, which is a result of GPS network interaction with...
20. Axion in antiferromagnetic insulators
Koji Ishiwata
9/28/21, 10:00 AM
Invited
Tuesday AM
21. Axion dark matter search with magnons
Asuka Ito
9/28/21, 10:40 AM
Invited
Tuesday AM

The axion provides a solution for the strong CP problem and is one of the leading candidates for dark matter. In this talk, we propose an axion detection scheme based on quantum nondemolition detection of magnons, i.e., quanta of collective spin excitations in a ferromagnetic crystal. Furthermore, we give an upper limit on the coupling constant between an axion and an electron for a certain...
22. Axion clouds may survive the perturbative tidal interaction over the early inspiral phase of black hole binaries
Takuya Takahashi
9/28/21, 11:30 AM

Axion forms a cloud around a rotating black hole (BH) by superradiant instability. On the other hand, considering the cloud associated with a BH in a binary system, tidal interaction depletes the cloud in some cases during the inspiral phase. To clarify the condition that clouds avoid disappearing, we made the exhaustive study of cloud depletion numerically in a wide parameter range for equal...
23. An analytic model for the sub-galactic matter power spectrum in fuzzy dark matter halos
Hiroki Kawai
9/28/21, 11:45 AM

Fuzzy dark matter (FDM) is one of the promising alternative dark matter candidates to cold dark matter. The quantum clumps, which is a unique structure of FDM, can be seen in halos in cosmological FDM simulations. In this talk, we first provide our analytic model of the sub-galactic matter power spectrum originating from quantum clumps in FDM halos. Then we show a result of a comparison...
43. DANCE: Searching for Axion-like particle dark matter with optical bow-tie ring cavity
Hiroki Fujimoto
9/28/21, 12:00 PM

DANCE stands for Dark matter Axion search with riNg Cavity Experiment, and aims to detect the axion-like particle (ALP) dark matter by using laser interferometric techniques. ALPs interact with photons slightly and cause the rotational oscillation of linearly polarized light. The bow-tie ring cavity of DANCE can enhance the amplitude of the rotational oscillation by extending the effective...
18. Searching for Axion Echos from Supernova Remnants
Chen Sun
9/28/21, 2:00 PM

In this talk, I will discuss possible constraints on the axion-photon coupling arising from supernova remnants. I will assume axion to be dark matter and focus on the echo signal from its stimulated decay process, which is caused by photons in the radio band emitted from supernova remnants. I will show that this could put competitive bounds in the mass range of $10^{-6}$ eV to $10^{-4}$ eV.
19. Pre-supernova Axion-like Particles and Their Detectability
Kanji Mori
9/28/21, 2:15 PM

Ultralight axion-like particles (ALPs) are a candidate of dark matter particles. We calculate the production of ALPs in a nearby supernova progenitor. Once produced, ALPs escape from the star and a part of them is converted into photons during propagation in the Galactic magnetic field. We report that the MeV photon flux that reaches Earth may be detectable by gamma-ray telescopes for ALPs...
24. Supernova constraint on the light dark particles
Meng-Ru Wu
9/28/21, 2:30 PM

The well-established supernova bound on sub-GeV particles in the dark sectors has been applied to various dark sector candidates, including axion, dark photon, sterile neutrinos, etc. Recently, we found that on one hand one can extend the supernova bound by considering the decay of dark particles in the stellar envelope that can add energy to the explosion of the supernova [1]. On the other...
29. Searching for ultralight bosons with supermassive black hole ringdown
Adrian, Ka-Wai Chung
9/28/21, 2:45 PM

One class of competitive candidates for dark matter are ultralight bosons.

If they exist, these bosons may form long-lived bosonic clouds surrounding rotating black holes via superradiant instabilities, acting as sources of gravity and affecting the propagation of gravitational waves around the host black hole.

During extreme-mass-ratio inspirals, the bosonic clouds will survive the...
26. Dark Photon Limits: A Cookbook
Alexander Millar
9/28/21, 3:15 PM

The dark photon is a massive hypothetical particle that interacts with the Standard Model by kinetically mixing with the visible photon. Due to the similarity with the electromagnetic signals generated by axions, many putative bounds on dark photon signals are simply reinterpretations of historical bounds set by axion haloscopes. However, the dark photon has a property that the axion does not:...
25. The imprint of ultralight vector dark matter on gravitational-wave propagation
Alfredo Delgado Miravet
9/28/21, 3:40 PM

In this talk we analyse the effect of ultralight vector dark matter on gravitational-wave propagation. We find that the presence of the field produces an anisotropic suppression of the gravitational-wave amplitude, which depends on the mass and the abundance of the field. The effect is sizable for primordial gravitational waves, and could be detected with forthcoming cosmic microwave...
27. Constraints on dark photon dark matter using data from LIGO’s and Virgo’s third observing run
Andrew Miller
9/28/21, 4:05 PM
Invited
Tuesday PM

We present a search for dark photon dark matter that could couple to gravitational-wave interferometers using data from Advanced LIGO and Virgo’s third observing run. To perform this analysis, we use two methods, one based on cross-correlation of the strain channels in the two nearly alignedLIGO detectors, and one that looks for excess power in the strain channels of the LIGO and Virgo...
28. Direct limits for scalar field dark matter from a gravitational-wave detector
Sander Vermeulen
9/28/21, 4:45 PM

We report on the first direct search for scalar field dark matter utilising a gravitational-wave detector. Scalar field dark matter is predicted to cause oscillations of fundamental constants, which in turn would drive oscillations of the size and index of refraction of the beamsplitter in an interferometer. This would thus produce an oscillatory signal in a gravitational-wave detector at a...
44. Ultralight Vector Dark Matter search with KAGRA
Jun'ya Kume
9/28/21, 5:10 PM

Gravitational Wave interferometer can be used for measuring the small displacement of the test masses due to the Ultralight vector dark matter (DM). However, the effects of the vector DM to the different mirrors are mostly common and the sensitivity is largely reduced, if they are made of the same material. Here, we would like to emphasize that KAGRA employs sapphire test masses and fused...
30. The Ubiquitous Axion in Quantum Gravity
Matthew Reece
9/29/21, 10:00 AM
Invited
Wednesday AM

Axion-like fields appear in many string theory constructions. I will discuss a proposed explanation for why they are so ubiquitous: they play a crucial role in eliminating would-be global symmetries from the theory. This perspective also gives a new perspective on axion interactions with magnetic monopoles. I will explain how magnetic monopole loops give rise to an axion potential.
31. Constraints to SFDM from Internal Structure and Orbital Parameters of Milky Way Satellites
Victor Robles
9/29/21, 10:40 AM

Recent measurements of both internal density structure and global orbital properties of Milky Way dwarf galaxies hold the promise of tightly constraining or ruling out the allowed parameter space of ultra-light (scalar field) dark matter (SFDM) models. Recent SFDM simulations evolving the Schroedinger-Poisson system have led to new insights into the structure of isolated scalar field dark...
32. On the Random Motion of Nuclear Objects in a Fuzzy Dark Matter Halo
Dhruba Dutta Chowdhury
9/29/21, 11:15 AM

Fuzzy Dark Matter (FDM), consisting of ultralight bosons (m_b ~ 10^{-22} eV), is an intriguing alternative to Cold Dark Matter. Numerical simulations that solve the Schrodinger-Poisson (SP) equation show that FDM halos consist of a central solitonic core, which is the ground state of the SP equation, surrounded by an envelope of interfering excited states. These excited states also interfere...
33. Bounding long-range force from dark matters with binary pulsars
Lijing Shao
9/29/21, 11:40 AM

The orbital dynamics of binary pulsars is influenced by a possible long-range fifth-force from the Galactic dark matter distribution. It is constrained with current binary pulsar experiments, and will be bound further with binary pulsar systems near the Galactic Center. [Shao, Wex, Kramer, PRL 120 (2018) 241104]
46. Axion dark matter and inflation scale
Wen Yin
9/29/21, 11:55 AM

I show that the upper bound of the classical QCD axion window can be significantly relaxed with (not too) low-scale inflation. If the Gibbons-Hawking temperature during inflation is lower than the QCD scale and the inflation lasts long enough, the initial QCD axion misalignment angle follows the Bunch-Davies distribution. The distribution is peaked at the strong CP conserving minimum if there...
47. Asteroid Tracking Array and Space Quantum Technology for Fundamental Physics
Yu-Dai Tsai
9/29/21, 12:10 PM

We study for the first time the possibility of probing long-range fifth forces utilizing asteroid astrometric data, via the fifth force-induced orbital precession. We examine nine Near-Earth Object (NEO) asteroids whose orbital trajectories are accurately determined via optical and radar astrometry. Focusing on a Yukawa-type potential mediated by a new gauge field (dark photon) or a...
35. Revisiting the core-halo structure of Fuzzy Dark Matter Halo
Hei Yin Jowett Chan
9/29/21, 2:00 PM

In simulations of Fuzzy Dark Matter (FDM) model, we always found gravitationally collapsed object composed of a solitonic core locating within a virialized halo. Although a measured relation between the core and halo mass, from simulation, is often adopted to make observational constraints on the particle mass, there is still a disagreement on the relation between different groups. To fully...
36. DMRadio: Searching for Axion Dark Matter Below 1 ueV
Jonathan Ouellet
9/29/21, 2:25 PM

The particle nature of Dark Matter (DM) is one of the most important open questions in particle physics today. Axions, and axion like particles (ALPs), more generally, have emerged as one of the leading candidates to to explain the DM abundance of the universe. Experimental searches for axion DM (aDM) have traditionally searched in a narrow mass band between 1~100 ueV using microwave cavity...
37. Cosmic birefringence and its implications for axion phenomenology
Silvia Gasparotto
9/29/21, 2:50 PM
Invited
Wednesday PM

A recent measurement of the non-zero isotropic birefringence angle with a 2.4 sigma level in Planck 2018 polarization data opens a tantalizing window for testing the parity-violating extension of the Standard Model. In this talk, I will explain the measurement of cosmic birefringence and discuss its implications for dark matter and dark energy models in the context of axion physics.
39. Axion Dark Matter in the Time of Primordial Black Holes
Yong Xu
9/29/21, 4:05 PM

In this talk, we present the phenomenology of QCD axion dark matter in a nonstandard cosmological era triggered by PBHs that fully evaporate before the onset of BBN. We show that PBHs have a strong impact on the dark matter produced via the misalignment mechanism. First, the oscillation temperature of axions reduces if there is a PBH dominated era, and second, PBH evaporation injects entropy,...
41. PyUltraLight 2: Simulating Interactions Between Ultra-Light Dark Matter and Massive Particles
Yourong Wang
9/29/21, 4:20 PM

I will discuss simulations a massive objects interacting with ULDM, using an extension of the PyUltraLight code. Simulations of a point mass moving in a uniform background and a SMBH moving within a ULDM soliton broadly confirm simple estimates of dynamical friction timescales. However, in addition to generating complex inhomogeneities, SMHB-ULDM interactions excite coherent ``breathing...
40. Search for DM self-annihilation to neutrino production in KamLAND
Kazumi Hata
9/29/21, 4:35 PM

KamLAND is an ultra-low BG detector with 1000 tons of liquid scintillator.

Taking advantage of this characteristic, we have made great achievements in the neutrino detection, and it can be fully utilized for dark matter search.

In this talk, the result of searching MeV-scale DM self-annihilation to neutrino production in KamLAND. No significant excess was found over the background...
45. Cosmic Birefringence Triggered by Dark Matter Domination
Shota Nakagawa
9/29/21, 4:50 PM

Recently, the Planck 2018 polarization data of cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation suggested the non-zero rotation angle of CMB polarization plane, which is called cosmic birefringence. Cosmic birefringence is predicted if an axion-like particle (ALP) moves after the recombination. We show that this naturally happens if the ALP is coupled to the dark matter density because it then...
34. On the quantum origin of a small positive cosmological constant
Saurya Das
9/29/21, 5:05 PM

We show that Dark Matter consisting of ultralight bosons in a Bose-Einstein condensate induces, via its quantum potential, a small positive cosmological constant which is close to the observed value. This explains why the densities of Dark Matter and Dark Energy are approximately equal.
38. A Catalogue of Hadronic Axion Models
Sebastian Hoof

I will report on or recent results on creating catalogues of hadronic, aka KSVZ, axion models. In particular, when phenomenological selection criteria are taken into account, we find a finite number of possible anomaly ratios E/N, and hence a finite number of hadronic axion models at any given mass. The number of different E/N values is between 12 and 820, depending on the amount of freedom...
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